This chart covers all 40 Hangul letters — 14 basic consonants, 10 basic vowels, 5 double consonants, and 11 compound vowels. Each entry shows the letter, its romanized sound, its Korean name, and an example word. Use this as a reference while studying, or try our Hangul writing practice tool for stroke-by-stroke learning.
| Letter | Sound | Name | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| ㄱ | g/k | giyeok | 가방 (gabang) — bag |
| ㄴ | n | nieun | 나라 (nara) — country |
| ㄷ | d/t | digeut | 다리 (dari) — leg/bridge |
| ㄹ | r/l | rieul | 라면 (ramyeon) — ramen |
| ㅁ | m | mieum | 마을 (maeul) — village |
| ㅂ | b/p | bieup | 바다 (bada) — sea |
| ㅅ | s | siot | 사람 (saram) — person |
| ㅇ | ng/silent | ieung | 아이 (ai) — child |
| ㅈ | j | jieut | 집 (jip) — house |
| ㅊ | ch | chieut | 친구 (chingu) — friend |
| ㅋ | k | kieuk | 커피 (keopi) — coffee |
| ㅌ | t | tieut | 토끼 (tokki) — rabbit |
| ㅍ | p | pieup | 포도 (podo) — grape |
| ㅎ | h | hieut | 하늘 (haneul) — sky |
| Letter | Sound | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ㅏ | a | 아버지 (abeoji) — father |
| ㅑ | ya | 야구 (yagu) — baseball |
| ㅓ | eo | 어머니 (eomeoni) — mother |
| ㅕ | yeo | 여자 (yeoja) — woman |
| ㅗ | o | 오늘 (oneul) — today |
| ㅛ | yo | 요리 (yori) — cooking |
| ㅜ | u | 우산 (usan) — umbrella |
| ㅠ | yu | 유학 (yuhak) — study abroad |
| ㅡ | eu | 음식 (eumsik) — food |
| ㅣ | i | 이름 (ireum) — name |
| Letter | Sound | Name | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| ㄲ | kk | ssang-giyeok | 꿈 (kkum) — dream |
| ㄸ | tt | ssang-digeut | 딸 (ttal) — daughter |
| ㅃ | pp | ssang-bieup | 빵 (ppang) — bread |
| ㅆ | ss | ssang-siot | 쌀 (ssal) — rice |
| ㅉ | jj | ssang-jieut | 찌개 (jjigae) — stew |
| Letter | Sound | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ㅐ | ae | 개 (gae) — dog |
| ㅒ | yae | 얘기 (yaegi) — story |
| ㅔ | e | 세계 (segye) — world |
| ㅖ | ye | 예술 (yesul) — art |
| ㅘ | wa | 과일 (gwail) — fruit |
| ㅙ | wae | 왜 (wae) — why |
| ㅚ | oe | 회사 (hoesa) — company |
| ㅝ | wo | 원 (won) — won (currency) |
| ㅞ | we | 웨이터 (weiteo) — waiter |
| ㅟ | wi | 위 (wi) — above |
| ㅢ | ui | 의사 (uisa) — doctor |
Hangul is organized into consonants and vowels, which combine into syllable blocks. Each block contains at least one consonant and one vowel — for example, 가 (ga) = ㄱ (g) + ㅏ (a). Some syllables add a final consonant, like 한 (han) = ㅎ + ㅏ + ㄴ.
Double consonants (ㄲ, ㄸ, ㅃ, ㅆ, ㅉ) are pronounced with more tension than their single counterparts. Compound vowels combine two basic vowel sounds into one. For more details, read our consonants and vowels guide.
For stroke-by-stroke writing practice, try our Hangul practice tool. To test your recognition, take the Hangul quiz.